2014年成人高考专升本《英语》应试模拟题(1)

四、阅读理解
36、回答36-55题
    Imagine going to sleep in October and waking up in May! Well, marmots and ground squirrels　stay warm by sleeping all winter．All this time, they do not wake up once．This special kind of sleep is called hibernation．During this sleep, the heart slows down, and the animal breathes more slowly, it doesn't move around, so it uses less energy．Animals like the marmot and the ground squirrel inhabit the coldest parts of the world．They need special talents to survive in these frigid places．Their furry coats keep them snug when the temperature falls below zero．It often gets this cold in the Arctic, a land that is just below the North Pole．Before the long winter, some animals eat and eat．After a while, they grow very fat．When the　winter comes, they live on the fat saved up in their bodies．Layers of fat keep an animal warm．Arctic animals also have other ways to beat the cold．Rabbits in the Arctic, for example, have　very small ears．Small ears keep heat in, while big ears let it out．Small things usually keep heat in．Have you ever slept in a room that is very small, and noticed how hot it can get?
    It rarely gets warm in the Arctic．But although summer seasons there are very short, the sun　shines brightly．Plants seem to spring up before your eyes! Animals such as caribou look forward all year to summer, when they can eat fresh grass again．Every minute of sunshine is important to their lives．

A good title for this passage would be________
A．the Arctic Summer
B．Marmots and Squirrels
C．Keeping Warm in the Arctic
D．Freezing Temperatures


37、 The way for marmot to keep warm is．________
A．to be very fat
B．to have small ears
C．to eat green grass
D．to have thick and soft hairs

38、
After reading this passage, we can guess that when an animal moves around, it________
A．is very restless
B．uses more energy
C．is looking for food
D．has lost its young

39、
To help the reader understand that small things keep heat in, the writer uses________
A．an example
B．a strong argument
C．scientific facts
D．careful measurements

40、回答40-59题
    Twelve years ago, oceanographer Captain Charles Moore was skippering his yacht the Alguita in　the North Pacific．He sailed into a mass of floating plastic rubbish which took him and his crew a week to cross．This floating rubbish dump is now called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch and doubles the size of the USA．The United Nations says there are now 18,000 pieces of plastic in every square kilometre of sea
    everywhere in the world．A walk along any beach will give you some idea of the seriousness of plastic pollution．The trouble is, when we throw out plastic with the trash, the plastic doesn't go away．Plastic dnot biodegrade．It photo degrades into smaller and smaller particles which then enter the food chain．Plastics contain cancer-causing chemicals along the food chain in increasing concentrations and end up in our fish and chips, along with hormone disruptors．Scientists try to tell us that we are killing ourselves as well as other animals．At least 200 species are, as I speak, being killed by plastic．Whales, dolphins, turtles and albatross confuse floating plastic, especially shopping bags and six pack rings, with jellyfish．Some countries have rebelled and banned plastic bags．And the first was brave Bangladesh．Then　China took the same decision．Botswana, Canada, Israel, Kenya, Rwanda, Singapore and South
    Africa have also banned plastic bags．Notice how many of the world's richest countries are not on this list．It's an absolute disgrace．Think globally, act locally．A small Australian town is now one step ahead of the rest of the world．The inhabitants of Bundanoon in New South Wales have banned plastic bottles from the town．We need to follow their example and eliminate plastic from our lives, take care of the earth and vote for people we think will do the same．

The writer says that we can get an idea of how much plastic rubbish there is in the oceans　by________
A．looking at the sea
B．travelling across the USA
C．sailing across the Pacific
D．taking a walk along any beach


41、 The reader learns that toxic chemicals get into our food________
A．when plastic becomes small enough to enter our food chain
B．because other animals are being killed by plastic
C．because plastic does not biodegrade
D．from plastic bags from supermarkets


42、 In the fourth paragraph the writer is angry because________
A．not many of the world's richest countries have banned plastic bags
B．not many countries have banned plastic bags
C．countries are not developing countries
D．most of the countries are African


43、 In the final paragraph the writer advises us to________
A．stop buying plastic bottles
B．take individual action
C．visit Australia
D．stop voting

44、 回答44-63题
    People often speak of fire as though it were a living creature--It grows, dances, needs oxygen, feeds on whatever it can find, and then dies． And when a forest fire rages out of control, threatening human lives and homes, it must be fought like a "wild animal． " The fight is often desperate, since firefighters' hest efforts may be dwarfed by the fury of a large fire． But the fire's own traits can be used against it．
    The heated air above a fire rises in a pillar of smoke and burnt gases, pulling fresh air in from the sides to replace it． Firefighters use this fact when they "fight fire with fire． " They start a fire well in front of the one which they are fighting． Instead of traveling on in front of the huge fire, the smaller fire is pulled back toward it by the updrafts of the larger blaze． As it travels back to meet the large fire, the smaller backfire burns away the fuel that the forest fire needs to survive．
    Even when a backfire has been well set, however, the fire may still win the struggle． The wind which the firefighters used to help them may now become their enemy． When the backfire meets the main fire, before both die for lack of fuel, there is tremendous flame, great heat and wild winds． A strong gust may blow the fire into the treetops beyond the area, giving the fire new fuel and a new life．

This passage focuses on 
A．how fires start
B．damage caused by fire
C．the fascination of fire
D．fighting forest fires


45、 A backfire is started 
A．behind a forest fire
B．ahead of a forest fire
C．on the sides of a forest fire
D．all around a forest fire

46、
This passage suggests that a fire will travel 
A．faster than a horse can run
B．in all directions at the same speed
C．in whatever direction the wind is blowing
D．toward the nearest source of fuel

47、
In the last paragraph, the writer again refers to the fire as a living creature by saying that  it 
A．can be blown around by the wind
B．dwarfs man's best efforts
C．heats the air above it
D．may still win the struggle 

48、 回答48-67题
    Farm animals provide man with food and material for clothing, leather and other products．Some,
    such as horses and oxen, provide transportation and power to pull maehinery．Livestock gaze on about 40 percent of the United States land area．
    Cattle provide meat, hides and dairy products．Beef and dairy cattle account for about a third of
    all farm income in the U．S．Farms in the Midwest and sprawling ranches in the West raise most of the country's beef cattle．The main Dairy Belt in the U．S．extends through the Northern states from New England to Minnesota．Eastern dairy farmers in Minnesota, Wisconsin and Iowa sell most of their milk to     companies that make butter, cheese and evaporated milk．
    Hogs grow rapidly and provide meat and materials used to make many products．Hog thrive on corn, and farmers in the Corn Belt of the Midwest raise more than two-thirds of U．S．hogs．Sheep and goats supply man with meat, wool and skins for leather．They are hardy animals that live well on poor grazing land．
    Poultry includes chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys and other birds raised for meat or eggs．Many farmers keep small flocks of chickens to supply their families with eggs and meat．But some U．S．farmers specialize in raising large flocks of meat or egg-laying chickens．They use scientific breeding and feeding methods．
    Some specialized farms raise mink and other animals for their fur, rabbits for meat, or silkworms for silk．Many farmers keep bees to get their honey and to help pollinate crops．

Farm animals in this passage are for________
A．farming
B．leather only
C．natural balance
D．man's need


49、 Where is the Corn Belt located?
A．Northeast．
B．Midwest．
C．South．
D．West．

50、
Land which is too poor to sustain cattle might be used to raise________
A．horses
B．oxen
C．sheep
D．dairy cows
4
51、
Which animals in this passage are bred by scientific methods?
A．Poultry．
B．Geese．
C．Birds．
D．Chickens． 

52、 回答52-71题
Two hundred years ago, American students went to American schools．  Like you, they studied arithmetic, spelling and geography． Unlike you, they also studied Greek and Latin． In fact, students spent more than half their time studying Greek and Latin．
The same was true for most students in Europe． Until the seventh century, all educated Europeans knew Latin．  It did not matter if they lived in England or Italy or France or Spain．  If they were educated, they knew Latin．
During the seventh century, educated Europeans began to study Greek as well as Latin． Greek and Latin had been the leading languages of the ancient Greeks and Romans． All educated Europeans were expected to know these languages．
To educated Europeans, the languages of the Greeks and the Romans were important． The ideas of the Greeks and Romans were also important． People knew that many of their own ideas had come from the Greeks and the Romans． To understand their own culture, they must understand its origin． They knew that those beginnings lay in the classical world．
Today we have so many things to study that few people have time to learn Greek and Latin． Few of you will study either language in school． Yet the ideas of the Greeks and the Romans are still important to us． These ideas still help to shape Western culture today． To understand our own culture, we must understand the culture of the classical world．

A good synonym for "origin" is________
A．people
B．future
C．beginning
D．culture


53、 According to this passage,  all educated Europeans of the seventh century were expected to study ________
A．physical science and chemistry
B．Greek and Latin
C．democracy and communism
D．French and Spanish


54、 Today, most of people won't study either Greek or Latin because________
A．they are no longer important
B．people do not have enough time
C．they are no longer existed
D．people can not learn them well


55、 What can we conclude from this passage?
A．Greeks and Romans significantly influenced European culture．
B．The Greeks were the founders of democracy．
C．The Greeks and Romans were bitter enemies．
D．People of the classical world were barbaric and uneducated．